Femininity Through the Male Lens

Women have always struggled with living in a patriarchal world, constantly being told what to do and how to live. In “The Revenge of the Faery Melusine”, André LeBey uses the character of Raymondin in his distressed ascent to Melusine to highlight how femininity is adjusted through the male gaze of mistrust and domination. Raymondin’s suspicion exposes how male imagination defines a woman’s reality rather than through female actions. These thoughts in Raymondin’s head portray the patriarchal impulse to see female freedom as wrongdoing, inevitably forcing women, like Melusine, to live within a narrative constructed from male fear over veracity. 

From the moment they got married, Raymondin and Melusine had agreed on one thing: that Raymondin must never disturb her on Saturday nights. This agreement lasted many years, until Raymondin’s imagination got the best of him. LeBey states that as Raymondin was making his way up the steps to Melusine, he thought to himself, “He climbed quickly in his eagerness to strike, his heart pumping…there where he had never been before. Neither he, nor anyone, except her—and—who else? He believed there must be someone, but without entirely believing it” (Lebey 121). The language LeBey uses in this passage portrays Raymondin’s fears and imagination that led him to break his promise with Melusine. The use of his “eagerness to strike” and “his heart pumping” presents the notion of desire and hostility that Raymondin is experiencing. This wording is significant to the storyline because of how it portrays his relationship with Melusine, the fusion of rage and love. It portrays Raymondin as an intruder of Melusine’s precious space by expressing his actions as a “strike”. His motivation at this moment is jealousy rather than love; he no longer wants to understand Melusine but to conquer her. This, as a result, displays Raymondin’s desire to control a mystery that intimidates and threatens his masculinity. Not knowing this one aspect of Melusine’s life creates a more significant issue for his identity because she is choosing her own space over him.

LeBey’s language provides a deeper context for Raymondin’s toxic masculinity towards Melusine and her female freedom. When it’s stated that he was making his way to a place “where he had never been before. Neither he, nor anyone” (LeBey 121), it enhances the idea that Melusine has a space that has been untouched by the male presence. A space that gives her independence from Raymondin. This independence is the exact reason Raymondin feels he must defy it, furthering the idea that Melusine is forced to live in a male narrative created out of fear and jealousy. This furthers the thoughts that he had while scaling the stairs to Melusine. 

As Raymondin thinks, “her—and—who else? He believed there must be someone” (LeBey 121), it materializes from nothing but his own imagination, furthering his own insecurities. By providing the context of using his own imagination, LeBey can show how patriarchal narratives are created. Not by how women inherently act, but by how the men in their lives interpret female actions, based on their own imagination and free will. This assumption stems from the patriarchal idea that women hold secrets that are incomprehensible to their male counterparts. Secrets which Raymondin feels entitled to know at this moment in time. Without thinking about how Melusine might feel about his intrusion or “strike” into her female space. This loss of common sense is shown when Raymondin thinks, “He believed there must be someone, but without entirely believing it” (LeBey 121). Highlighting the aspect of suspicion without confirmation, further forcing this narrative he has created onto Melusine. This exposes the idea that Raymondin feels that he knows his wife, but has been so corrupted by the patriarchal gaze of control and mistrust. By picturing Melusine as an unfaithful wife, he can keep her in a story that he is ultimately controlling.

Overall, LeBey’s language in describing Raymondin’s inner thoughts in this passage highlights the male-created narrative Melusine has been forced to live in during her marriage. It’s important to note how this use of language exposes how Raymondin’s want to “strike” stems from this narrative he has created in his mind to control Melusine. Through the relationship and mistrust of Raymondin and Melusine, LeBey can critique the unsteady male authoritative foundation that makes it so easy for uncertainty to mutate into allegation. This passage sheds light on the concept of how female narratives stem from the male fear. Ultimately proving how patriarchal narratives are built to control the lives of the women they are forced onto. 

Undine’s Reflection in the Water

After reading this week’s story, a sentence that stood out to me that I really wanted to talk about was on page 102 (I think). Where Undine is talking to Huldbrand about who she is, Undine states, “…the noble monuments sparkle below, stately and solemn, and bedewed by the loving waters which allure from them many a beautiful moss-flower and entwining cluster of seagrass” (102). I had to cut the quote short because the sentence went on for way too long.

First off, I want to point out Undine’s use of the word “loving” when describing the water; this, to me, felt like she was giving an emotion to nature, which felt like a reflection of herself. Giving a feminine aspect and feel to the water shows how she wants Huldbrand not to feel threatened. By describing the water as a majestic force rather than something of fear and destruction. This mirrors Undine herself, a life of water that brings vigor and kindness into a world full of masculine knights and rulers. By portraying the waters as something of serenity and love, she is giving Huldbrand the idea that she herself is reflected in the water. A figure of love and kindness that can continue to bring him happiness.

I also liked the use of “moss-flowers” and “sea grass” because I feel it intentionally blurs the line between land and water. Casually reflecting Undine and Hulbrand themselves, the merging of life on land and life in the water. I love the subtle foreshadowing that is happening in this line as well, “entwining cluster of sea grass”, because to me, this highlights the idea that Undine is wrapped around “the monument” (Huldbrand) in a loving embrace.

I feel like this sentence did a great job reflecting the relationship between Undine and Huldbrand, showing the union of land and water. I also like the idea that it mirrors the merging of feminine and masculine or the mortal and the elemental. Overall, this quote does an amazing job of highlighting how water shows the reflection of things. In this case, the water is mirroring Undine’s reflection of herself and her relationship with Huldbrand.

Song of the Week: la petite fille de la mer (Remastered) by Vangelis (This song felt very mystical and magical, and I also feel that it captured the emotion of Undine’s confession of her true self very well. It’s eerie yet enticing, and would honestly do a great job capturing me if a beautiful woman tried to lure me into the sea.)

The Male Narrative of Femininity: Week 5

After doing this weeks reading something I wanted to take a deep dive into was from chapter 14, “Betrayal”. Specifically where the story states, “He climbed quickly in his eagerness to strike, his heart pumping…there where he had never been before. Neither he, no anyone, except her—and—who else? He believed there must be someone, but without entirely believing it” (Lebey 121). What I thought was interesting was the fact that Raymondin’s first thought about his wife asking to not be bothered in this one day alone, was that she was cheating on him. The dramatics of this scene also show the emotional drama Raymondin is experiencing, which highlights his fear of what Melusine might be doing in that room. The fear and passion that might typically be expressed when a man is met with a woman who is resisting containment. Melusine asking for a moment of solitude, a moment where Raymondin can not control her or have contact with her. Even though her reasoning is because of her snake like form, it still highlights the ruin of femininity from a man/husband figure.

Melusine’s mermaid form embodies lust and danger, the feminism aspect of both life and death. This quote highlights the how women are forced to live within a narrative created by make doubts. How Raymondin only thought she was hiding another lover in the room shows just that. The use of saying that Raymondin believed she was cheating “without entirely believing it” shows the internal battle he is facing. One idea of women through the narrative that has been created by men for many decades and the other being his personal connection and portrayal of Melusine as his wife and lover. Her secret and her identity are being invaded by the failure to live in a narrative built against her in the first place.

I also like the idea that both Raymondin and Melusine were betrayed in this chapter. Melusine in the way that Raymondin broke his promise to her, amd Raymondin in the way that Melusine “lied” to him about her true identity. Seeing how in this quote Raymondin felt betrayed by Melusine, showing the male created narrative women are forced to live in. I liked this quote because of how it highlights how society is out to take away Melusine’s femininity and identity because she doesn’t fit the narrative. Raymondin’s emotions in this quote show how he feels all of his troubles are because of Melusine.

Song of the Week- Bellhart by Christopher Larkin (I liked the drama this song added to the story!)

A Story or (His)tory?

After reading the “Legend of Melusina,” I couldn’t help but notice the irony within the story. The idea of husbands betraying or deceiving their wives is very interesting to me because of the notion that they lied first. I get the “conditions” that were in place for them to need a husband to agree to these terms, but it is still ironic. The lying and the deceptions go both ways, as well as the fear behind it all. Both husbands fear losing their wives, but “curiosity killed the cat” is a saying for a reason. The control these women have over the men by getting them to agree to these terms reminds me of why the sirens got the representation they have. Using the weakness of man against them, the lust they are born with, and the fear of ending up alone, which almost every person has.

I liked how the story mentioned, “but destiny, that would have Melusina single, was incensed against her” (85), because it reminded me that Melusina was cursed from the start. The idea that her mother punished Melusina for her “revenge” seeking actions makes me giggle a little. Melusina is gaining a fear of being alone, like the husbands. The world against her love, forever being punished for the revenge she took. I like to think that Melusina is the model for karma. Ran by revenge, only to be forever cursed to be alone, watching over her family. One small deed caused a lifetime of pain, which I feel is spot on for a siren. It almost mirrors everything that sirens are depicted as being: untrustworthy, and deceiving.

I loved reading this story, and it was a very eye-opening story of how sirens came to be. Everyone sees sirens as terrifying creatures, but what if they are this way because of how they’ve been treated? Humans have been untrustworthy and deceitful since the dawn of time. No surprise if the sirens “put up a guard” and were “cursed” for their revenge-seeking thoughts or actions.

Song of the Week: Echo of the Past by Jonathan Geer

Week: 4, Oceanic Distortion

Steve Mentz’s passage, “Deterritorializing Preface,” provides readers with a set of deterritorializing terms to aid in navigating the blue humanities. I wanted to focus particularly on number six, “Distortion,” because of what Mentz had stated about water bending light. Mentz mentioned visual distortion and how “water-thinking makes distortion a baseline condition” (xvii). I read this as distortion not being a physical aspect of water, but a metaphorical one that emphasizes how human perception of the ocean makes them uncomfortable. As we have discussed in class, humans find mermaids unsettling; this “distortion” aspect that Mentz is talking about shows just that. Mermaids are classified as unsettling not only because of their half-human, half-fish nature, but because of the fear that is brought forth by their home, the ocean.

Mentz also stated the “tri-dimensionality of water,” which highlights the comfort of the surface of the sea and the terrifying depths of the undiscovered bottom of the ocean. After reading this, I instantly thought of how it’s similar to the life of mermaids, both being of the surface and depths of the ocean. Emphasizing the idea that mermaids are never entirely of “one world,” which distorts the world’s perception of them. Also, in a literal sense, the distortion of water messes with how oceanic life is perceived, making something small and innocent seem gigantic and terrifying.

This sense of distortion that Mentz talks about can also be compared to how mermaids are scary because they are a reflection of us. They are the water distorted versions of ourselves, and that is what is terrifying to them. We as humans see the ocean through this water-distorted lens, a reminder that what humans fear most in mermaids is what they see in themselves. I like the idea that water bending light distorts, because when you think about it sometimes tends to look creepy underwater, especially if the water is moving. And it’s interesting to think about how we are terrified of the deep ocean because of the mere fact that we cannot approach it without facing the instability within ourselves. The fear of water is the fear of our own self-image; that distorted version of ourselves is our greatest fear.

Study Song of the Week: Falling Stars by A Shell In The Pit

This one is not so much Mermaid core, but it felt very oceanic, and I honestly don’t know how to explain it further.

Anxieties or Projections?

This week’s reading had so many interesting aspects to it, but the one I wanted to focus on was the part where it’s stated that Mermaids can, “shed the nonhuman portion of their bodies and infiltrate the human world. And the shores and banks where we come across them, like the vessels on which we cross their waters, are thresholds between our world and theirs” (xi). I wanted to focus on this part of the reading because, as we have mentioned in class already, humans are scared of the unknown. But what I like about this quote is that it puts that fear into perspective. I want to bring attention to the word “infiltrate” because of the way it makes Mermaids out to be a kind of spy, or someone or something that has sinister intentions…Kind of like humans, no? I think it’s ironic to use the word “infiltrate” when humans have done and continue to do things like this already. I don’t think humans are necessarily scared of Mermaids themselves, but are afraid that they might do to us what we would do to them. I say this because of the idea that Mermaids are part of us; they are part human, meaning they have the capacity to think and act as we do.

I love the idea of saying that humans are projecting onto mermaids, which we have mentioned in class, suggesting that we are scared of them because they are a reflection of ourselves. But it is fascinating to think about the concept that humans are technically just scared of themselves. Especially when it comes to Mermaids, when the text we read this week stated, “like the vessels on which we cross their waters” (xi), I think it’s very hypocritical. I say this because we, as humans, were terrified at the idea of Mermaids coming onto our lands, but we infiltrate their waters every day. Whether it be through boats, submarines, or even just scuba diving, we are in their home all the time. So the idea that Mermaids are scary because of their ability to “look like us” is hypocritical and even hilarious when you think about how many places make silicone/hyper-realistic Mermaid tales. I know that “back in the day” was different, but I still feel that humans projected their hated attributes onto Mermaids to better deal with themselves.

Also, I thought it would be cool to show you all a picture of the Mermaid Mural/Mosaic in my restaurant that I had mentioned on Thursday!

ALSO ALSO, a song I wanted to mention that I hope some people already know that I think is cool and fits our class is Mermaid Song by ConcernedApe. It is from a game called Stardew Valley, and I always love when this song comes on!

Week 2, Merpeople: A Human History

Before I start my blog post, I want to recommend a song I listened to while reading this introduction, which made the reading experience more magical! The song is instrumental (I cannot listen to words while reading), and I think it fits the mystical, magical aspect of mermaids. I did play it on repeat, but I will say it made me feel like I was in the water with the Merpeople. The song is called: Elevenses by Lena Raine. I believe it is part of a soundtrack to a video game, as I listen to video game music when studying! Okay, now on to the post!!!

This introduction was magical, not only because of the song I listened to, but also because of the amount of information I got from just a short twenty pages. Something that caught my eye and interest the most was the amount of Christian background there is to Mermaids and Mermen. That was something I truly had no idea about, when the introduction stated that, “Sometimes, mermaids would hold a fish instead of a comb, which probably further symbolized her link to the fish as an early symbol of Christianity” (14). This was something that absolutely shook me to my core. Seeing as how Christianity used Mermaids as a kind of “symbol” of worldly temptations was unexpected. The idea that her femininity is inherently full of lust, sin, and used for temptation was very interesting. Seeing how, in that time, women’s beauty was seen as men’s temptation and frowned upon, it makes sense that the symbol of the Mermaid would be used as such a symbol. Which is even more interesting because of the later statement that, “hybrid creatures of myth and lore–symbolized the early Christian Church’s willingness to hybridize itself” (15). Seeing how Mermaids went from being a symbol of sin and lust to being a big part of Christian hybridity is hilarious in and of itself.

I do, however, enjoy how merpeople went from an evil symbol to “notions of exploration, growth and national prowess” (18). Seeing the different ways Merpeople are depicted is very cool to me; to see how many different viewpoints and lenses they were seen through. I also love the term “mer-mania” (20), and I cannot exactly explain why, but I do. I, however, am not surprised that the Mermaid became a symbol of “sex, media, capitalism and profit” (25) because of the inherent greed of humans. This introduction actually made me excited to continue reading more about the history of merpeople. I definitely recommend a song, similar to mine, to listen to while reading, it made everything so much more magical.

Hello all!<3

Hi, my name is Hahnnah Palafox (pronounced HA-NA), I am 23 years old, and this is my second class with Professor Pressman, and I’m so excited to be here. This is also my last semester at SDSU, and I could not be more ready! I’m an English major, as I mentioned in class, I’ve been bartending/working for my current job for almost 8 years now, crazy…I just started a new job for ACES as a Behavioral Technician. I’ve passed all my assessments, and I’m waiting to take the exam to become certified! I love working with children, and I’m super excited for this new beginning to take off! There is a lot currently on my plate, but with this being my last semester and only having three classes, I’m ready! I can’t wait to talk with you all about Mermaids, the Environment, and soooo much more, looking forward to all of your insights!

Here is a picture of me and my girlfriend at a recent wedding because I don’t like to take selfies!! (I’m the one not in the dress lol)